The History and Colonization of Libya and it’sIndependence

virtu solelyy ninety percent of Libya is roofed with desert. That desert is mostly the vast Sahara repudiate the worlds largest hot desert. Although most of the parting is very barren, Libyas northern border is a stunning coastline. Its healthy, luscious fields and beautiful beaches extend along the Mediterranean Sea for approximately a thousand miles. Phoenician canvas tentors, who are flat located in the area nowadays named Lebanon, built manners on Libyas Mediterranean coast in Tripolitania beginning in 1300 B. C.Their vessels were constructed from cedar trees, which they utilise to sail across the Mediterranean transforming them into some of the prominentest backuprs of their time. Phoenicians sailors had a different background for establishing ports than then the usual economic gains. The reason for them establishing ports was beca drill they wanted places along their trade route from Phoenicia to Spain where their cedar vessels could dock. Even though the Phoenician s continued doing this, they did little to understand over the area. What the Phoenicians did do was establish the city of Carthage, which was in todays Tunisia.By themselves, Carthage grew into a prosperous seaport and became an autonomous force out with no help. Carthage built up a burly military force and soon Carthaginians started ruling areas exchangeable Tripolitania. Unlike the Phoenicians, the Carthaginians established numerous colonies, which they territorial dominiond with force. The Libyans disliked the Carthaginians due to the circumstance that the rulers stipulated that the Libyans prolong to give up to half of their crops each season and how the Carthaginians sacrificed their possess early-born children to their implacable gods (Isichei 161).The Libyans found that despicable and appalling. Carthage was getting attacked by Rome and battling went on and off for more than a 100 years. Finally, Rome defeated Carthage in 146 B. C. In 146 B. C. Romans gained defend over the Carthaginian Empire. The Roman Empire used Tripolitanias coastal area as one of their main sources of grain and early(a) provisions. The Hellenics ruled Cyrenaica but it soon fell under Roman rule. The classical stronghold was in Cyrenaica. Greek explorers and warriors constantly explored the arena for centuries.First, they tried to use the area as a route to overrun Egypt. Later, Cyrenacia became an abundant Greek fishing area. Seeing that no one had colonized the only port in North Africa the Greeks took better management of the land. Now that the Romans were in power the region continued to flourish for several hundred years, and the inhabitants escalated. When the empire was suppuration weaker, the Romans lost control of North Africa. The next groups in Libya were the Vandals, who came from an area that is now occupied by Germany.Their minds were fascinated by North Africas wealth, so they arrived in the area in about 435. Among the invaders, the Vandals made the f irst serious social movement to settle in some of Libyas mountains and desert areas. But the nomadic wad who resided in the regions often fought them off. The Vandals lost authority after about a century of decree. When the Arabs arrived in 643, they brought the new religion of Islam with them. The people in the region quickly adopted Islam but they resisted Arab political rule.Within four hundred years most people in Libya were Muslims. The Aghlabids were amongst the most thoughtful Islamic leaders of Libya the area was back in order, and reinstated the irrigation systems that the Romans left back, which brought opulence to the region from the surplus being produced. A minor colonization was by Spain in 1510 when they captured Tripoli but soon the Ottoman Empire took over all of Libya. Like all the other(a) groups that had invaded Libya, the Ottomans faced the resistance of the Libyan people.The Libyans were towering and did not easily accept foreign rule (Willis 50). Througho ut history, groups of Libyan rebels often tried to resist the invaders. Many of the opposition leaders had ties to a religious organization called the Sansui Brotherhood. As the Ottomans lost grip of their colony, the Italians moved in. Italy had study reasons for colonizing Libya. First of all, Italy thought that if they had control over Tripoli, they would have greater work power in the Mediterranean Sea.Also Italy just wanted to have the feel for having a colony in North Africa. Another major(ip) reason was the fact that the British already had control over Egypt and so Italy feared that France would seek after Libya. After months of engaging in warfare against the trespassing(a) Italian forces, the Ottomans finally gave up their colonized land of Libya in 1911. When Italy stubborn to enter WWI on the side of the allies, this move weakened Italys grip on Libya in 1915 because they couldnt focus against the rebellions in Libya while trying to help the allice shad win WWI.Some of the things they did to ease the rebellions was in 1917, when Italy signed a counterinsurgency agreement with the leader of the Sanusi, Idris al-Sanusi, recognizing him as the emir of Cyrenaica (Miller 32-33). But when fascist dictator, Benito Mussolinis travel to power in Italy in 1922 he gave Italy its willpower to gain control over their colony once again. Libya was not finally freed from Italian rule until 1943, when Italy was crushed in WWII. After the war, the UN decided that Libya should become a entire monarchy and in 1951 the Kingdom of Libya was officially formed.The national assembly elected Libyas first king, Muhammad Idris al-Sanusi, who had been a leader of the Libyan resistance movement against Italy. After decades of monarchy, Libyans are again fighting for their independence and freedom even though they became self-sufficing in 1951. They are now in an internal struggle against a tyrannical government. The countrys dictator Muammar Gaddafi, once revered as a great colonel has promised not to leave his reign of terror until he dies. With the help of other countries the Libyan people are achieving the true freedom that every someone in this world is entitled to.